Comprehensive Gas Processing

INTRODUCTION

Natural gas, as well as associated gas and refinery off gases, can contain various acidic contaminants, primarily H2S and CO2, along with inert gases, helium, nitrogen, and in rare instances, Radon. The removal of these acidic components can be categorized into two main groups: chemical and physical processes. Occasionally, a combination of chemical and physical solvents is employed, either continuously or in batch processes.

This Comprehensive Gas Processing training course focuses on treatment processes across the entire natural gas value chain, spanning from discovery, exploration, and transportation to sales and marketing. H2S can be transformed into sulfur using a modified Claus Sulphur Recovery unit. Each of the different sulfur recovery processes is thoroughly examined, with their chemistry explored in detail. The course also covers alternative options, such as Shell's environmentally friendly Thiopaq.

This training course will cover:

• Origins and chemical characteristics of Natural Gas

• Gas Treatment Technologies and Processes

• Design Criteria for Amine Systems and Physical Solvents

• Troubleshooting Gas Sweetening and Sulphur Recovery Units

• A comprehensive review of current Sulphur Recovery Technologies

TRAINING OBJECTIVES

Upon completion of the course, participants will be able to:

• Gain a deep understanding of Gas Treating and Sulphur Recovery Processes

• Identify the primary process steps and discuss key features of Gas Treating

• Demonstrate proficiency in various aspects of Amine Sweetening Technologies

• Understand the technology, chemistry, and thermodynamics of Gas Processing

• Evaluate, monitor, and troubleshoot Gas Treating operations

WHO SHOULD ATTEND?

This Comprehensive Gas Processing training course is suitable for a wide range of professionals, including:

• Production and Processing Personnel

• Operations Staff and Shift Supervisors

• Environmental Specialists

• Facilities and Process Engineers

• Geologists and Reservoir Engineers

• Line Managers, Sales, or Business Development Staff

• Industry Newcomers

TRAINING APPROACH

This training course offers a highly interactive and applied learning experience. It encourages participants to share their opinions and ideas through discussions, workshops, class exercises, case studies, and examples led by the presenter.

To ensure a comprehensive understanding of the introduced concepts, a combination of learning methods will be employed, including lecture-style presentations, open discussions, and group work.

TRAINING OUTLINE

Day 1: Natural Gas Processing

• Physical properties of hydrocarbons

• Terminology and Nomenclature

• Qualitative Phase Behaviour / Vapor-Liquid Equilibrium

• Definition and objectives of treating

• Types of Contaminants and managing impurities

• Health, Safety, and Environmental Considerations

• Gas specifications and Gas Processing Options

• Sales Gas and Product Specifications

• Dew Point Control / Liquids Recovery

• Cost impact and the economics of Gas treating and Sulphur Recovery

Day 2: Chemical Reaction Processes

• Chemistry of Amine Gas Sweetening

• Comparison and Selection of Amines in commercial use

• General Design Criteria for Alkanolamine Processes

• Process Flow Schemes and Process Control

• Equipment review: Fractionation and Separation Equipment, Heat Transfer Equipment, Pumps, Compressors, Drivers, Refrigeration in Gas Conditioning and NGL Extraction Facilities

• Simulations, calculations, and sizing examples

• Filtration

• Material selection and metallurgical issues

• General Operating Problems: Heat Stable Salts, Corrosion, and Foaming

Day 3: Common Processes Used in Gas Processing Industries

• Theory and principles of physical processes

• Overview and Configurations of Selexol, Fluor, Rectisol, Purisol

• Alkaline Carbonate Salt Processes: Hot Potassium Carbonate Plants, Benfield HiPure, Catacard

• Hybrid Processes: Sulfinol (O/ M/ X), Batch and non-Regenerable Processes

• Advantages, range, and disposal of SulfaTreat, Sulfa-Check, Iron Sponge, Puraspec, Molecular Sieve

• Liquid Hydrocarbon Treating: Regenerated Caustic, Perco Solid Copper Chloride, Molecular Sieve, MerOx

• New Treating Technologies

Day 4: Sulphur Recovery Overview (I)

• Overview, Typical PFD, and Process Considerations

• Mechanical Considerations and Instrumentation

• Claus and SuperClaus Process and Modifications

• The EUROClaus Concept

• Operating Parameters and Problems: H2S / CO2 Ratio Variability and control, CO2 Catalyst Effect, Sulfur Dew Point, Acid Gas Containing Hydrocarbons

• Sulfur Product Specifications, Storage, and Handling

• Claus Process Calculations and Exercises

Day 5: Sulphur Recovery (II)

• Tail Gas: Process Selection, Handling, and Treatment

• SCOT, Sulfreen, Cold Bed Absorption

• Iron Chelate Redox Processes

• LOCAT, SulFerox, Stretford, Selectox

• Selective Treating: Hindered Amines, Flexsorb Process

• Acid Gas Injection

• Membranes

• Emerging and New Technologies

• Troubleshooting: what can go wrong

• Programme review and evaluation'

Certificate of Completion: Upon successful completion of the course, participants will receive a Certificate of Completion from Al-Majd Pathways Centre (APC).